Khujjuttarā: foremost learned laywoman

Anguttara nikaya

  1. “… among those(woman followers) who are learned is Khujjuttarā.”141

Bodhi note 141 The servant of Sāmāvatī, she would go to hear the Buddha preach and repeat the discourses to the ladies of the court. The Itivuttaka is said to be the record of these teachings. In 2:133 and at 4:176 §4 she is held up, along with Veḷukaṇṭakī Nandamātā, as the ideal model for a female lay follower. She is also praised in SN 17:24.

Pali Proper Names

She was born of a nurse in the house of the banker Ghosita (AA.i.232), and later became a slave of Queen Samavati. The queen gave her daily the eight pieces of money allowed to her by the king for the purchase of flowers. Khujjuttara bought flowers with four pieces from the gardener Sumana, the remaining four pieces she kept. One day the Buddha visited Sumana, and Khujjuttara, having heard the Buddha preach to him, became a Sotapanna. That day she spent the whole amount on flowers. The queen asked her how she had obtained so many, and she told her the whole story. From that time Samavati showed Khujjuttara all honour, bathed her in perfumed water, and heard the Dhamma from her. Khujjuttara became, as it were, a mother to Samavati, and going regularly to hear the Dhamma, would return and preach it to her and her five hundred attendant women. Under the instruction of Khujjuttara they all became sotapannas. When Samavati expressed a desire to see the Buddha, Khujjuttara suggested that she should pierce holes in the walls of the palace and gaze on the Buddha as he passed along the street. After the death of Samavati, Khujjuttara seems to have spent all her time in religious works, listening to the preaching of the Dhamma. The Buddha declared her foremost among lay women by reason of her extensive knowledge (bahussutanam). A.i.26; DhA.i.208ff; AA.i.226, 237f; ItvA.23f.; PsA.498f.

Once, in the past, she was a serving woman of the king of Benares, and one day, having seen a Pacceka Buddha who was slightly hunch backed, she threw a blanket over her shoulder, and bending down to look like a hunchback, she imitated the Buddhas manner of walking. Therefore, in this present birth she herself was hunchbacked. On another occasion eight Pacceka Buddhas, receiving their bowls filled with rice porridge from the palace, found the bowls so hot that they were obliged to move them from one hand to the other. Seeing this, Khujjuttara gave them eight ivory bracelets as stands for their bowls. It is said that these bracelets are still preserved in the Nandamula pabbhara. Because of this act Khujjuttara obtained profound wisdom in this birth, and was able to learn the Tipitaka by heart. In the time of Kassapa Buddha she was the daughter of a treasurer, and had a friend who was a nun; one day when she was adorning herself at eventide the nun visited her, and as there was no servant girl at the time Khujjuttara asked the nun to do various things for her. As a result she was born as a slave. Her desire to become chief among learned lay women was formed in the time of Padumuttara Buddha, on her seeing a similar rank bestowed on a lay woman (DhA.i.226f, etc.; Dvy.339-41).

It is said that the discourses in the Itivuttaka are those which Khujjuttara learned from the Buddha and later repeated to Samavati and her attendant women