Benefits of Buddha Puja After Parinibbana

Performing Buddha Puja even after the Buddha has entered Parinibbana can give immeasurable results.

This is what I found in the texts.

Sudhāpiṇḍiya Theraapadana

Pūjārahe pūjayato,
buddhe yadi va sāvake;
Papañcasamatikkante,
tiṇṇasokapariddave.

For one who worships those worthy of worship —
whether Buddhas or disciples —
who have gone beyond proliferation,
who have crossed sorrow and lamentation —

Te tādise pūjayato,
nibbute akutobhaye;
Na sakkā puññaṁ saṅkhātuṁ,
imettamapi kenaci.

For one who worships such ones,
peaceful and fearless —
the merit cannot be measured,
not even this much by anyone.

Catunnamapi dīpānaṁ,
issaraṁ yodha kāraye;
Ekissā pūjanāyetaṁ,
kalaṁ nāgghati soḷasiṁ.

Even if one were ruler
of the four continents —
that would not equal
one sixteenth part of a single act of worship.

Commentary:
Pūjārahā nāma buddhapaccekabuddhaariyasāvakācariyupajjhāyamātāpitugaruādayo.

“Worthy of worship” means:
Buddhas, Paccekabuddhas, noble disciples, teachers, preceptors, parents, and other venerable persons.

“Papañcasamatikkante” = those who have gone beyond mental proliferation (craving, conceit, views).
“Tiṇṇasokapariddave” = those who have crossed sorrow and lamentation

Tesu pūjārahesu mālādipadumavatthābharaṇacatupaccayādīhi pūjayato…
puññakoṭṭhāsaṁ sahassasatasahassādivasena saṅkhyaṁ kātuṁ kenaci mahānubhāvenāpi na sakkā.

If one worships such worthy ones with garlands, flowers, cloth, ornaments, or the four requisites, the amount of merit cannot be calculated — even by a being of great power.

Even after the Buddha’s Parinibbāna, worship of relic shrines, images, or Bodhi trees produces immeasurable merit.

Catunnamapi dīpānaṁ… jambudīpa-aparagoyāna-uttarakuru-pubbavidehānaṁ…
sakalacakkavāḷagabbhe issaraṁ cakkavattirajjaṁ kareyya.

Ekissā pūjanāya etaṁ… soḷasakkhattuṁ vibhattassa soḷasamakoṭṭhāsassa na agghati.

Even ruling over the four great continents —
Jambudīpa, Aparagoyāna, Uttarakuru, and Pubbavideha —
with all their minor islands,
as a Universal Monarch —

would not equal one-sixteenth of the merit of a single offering made at a relic shrine.

The commentary on the Apadāna of Venerable Tipupphiya also shows the results of worshiping a shrine (in this case it is a Bodhi Tree).

Beginning with “Migaluddo pure āsiṃ…,” this is the Apadāna of the venerable Tipupphiya.

In a former life, due to an unwholesome act, he was born into a hunter’s family in the time of the Buddha Vipassī. Living in the forest as a deer-hunter, he once saw the Pāṭali Bodhi tree, full with leaves and green-blue in color. He worshipped it with three flowers and bowed as if before the Buddha himself.

Through that merit he was reborn in heaven and enjoyed divine prosperity. Later, as a human, he enjoyed the prosperity of a Universal Monarch. In this Buddha’s dispensation he was born in a family, gained faith upon hearing the Dhamma, went forth, and soon attained arahantship.

Verse 31 explains: “I was formerly a deer-hunter.” A deer is so called because it is pursued or seeks food; a hunter is one greedy for killing deer. Seeing the green Pāṭali tree, red in blossom but green in leaves, he worshipped it.

The rest is clear.

Thus ends the commentary on the Apadāna of Tipupphiya Thera.

Migaluddo pure āsintiādikaṃ āyasmato tipupphiyattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro antarā kenaci akusalacchiddena vipassissa bhagavato kāle nesādakule nibbatto migaluddo hutvā araññe viharati. Tadā vipassissa bhagavato pāṭalibodhiṃ sampuṇṇapattapallavaṃ haritavaṇṇaṃ nīlobhāsaṃ manoramaṃ disvā tīhi pupphehi pūjetvā purāṇapattaṃ chaḍḍetvā bhagavato sammukhā viya pāṭalimahābodhiṃ vandi. So tena puññena tato cuto devaloke uppanno tattha dibbasampattiṃ aparāparaṃ anubhavitvā tato cuto manussesu jāto tattha cakkavattisampattiādayo anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto vuddhimanvāya satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasomanassahadayo gehaṃ pahāya pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi. 31. So evaṃ siddhippatto attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento migaluddo pure āsintiādimāha. Tattha maraṇāya gacchati pāpuṇātīti migo, atha vā magayamāno ihati pavattatīti migo, migānaṃ māraṇe luddo lobhī gedhoti migaluddo, pure mayhaṃ puññakaraṇasamaye kānanasaṅkhāte mahāaraññe migaluddo āsinti sambandho. Pāṭaliṃ haritaṃ disvāti tattha pakārena talena rattavaṇṇena bhavatīti pāṭali , pupphānaṃ rattavaṇṇatāya pāṭalīti vohāro, pattānaṃ haritatāya haritaṃ nīlavaṇṇaṃ pāṭalibodhiṃ disvāti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti. Tipupphiyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.

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Commentary on the Apadāna of the Elder Citakapūjaka

Beginning with “Vasāmi rājāyatane…” — this is the Apadāna of the Venerable Elder Citakapūjaka.

This elder too had performed meritorious deeds under former Buddhas. Thereafter, in successive existences, he accumulated merit supportive of liberation. During the time of the Blessed One Sikhī, he was reborn as a tree-deity in a rājāyatana tree.

From time to time he listened to the Dhamma together with other deities and became faithful. When the Blessed One passed into Parinibbāna, he and his retinue took perfumes, lamps, incense, flowers, drums, and other offerings, went to the cremation place of the Blessed One, and worshipped there with lamps and other offerings, accompanied by many musical instruments and performances.

From then onward, even when seated in his own dwelling, he constantly recollected the Blessed One and paid homage as if in his presence.

Through that very merit and through the clarity of mind born of faith, when he passed away from the rājāyatana tree he was reborn in Tusita and other heavenly realms. After enjoying divine prosperity, and later human prosperity among humans, in this Buddha-dispensation he was born in a family. Having gained understanding and developed faith in the Blessed One, he went forth into homelessness and before long became an arahant.

Later, recalling his former deed with joy, he declared his past conduct beginning with “Vasāmi rājāyatane…”

Explanation of Terms

“Rājāyatana” — the dwelling place of deva-kings, or the proper name of that tree.

“Parinibbute bhagavati” — when the Blessed One Sikhī, friend of the world, attained final Nibbāna at the complete ending of the aggregates without remainder.

“Citakaṃ agamāsahaṃ” — I went to the funeral pyre (citaka), which was a heap made of fragrant woods such as sandalwood, aloe, deodar, camphor, and others. I went near the pyre out of reverence for the Buddha in order to worship it.

Then he describes what he did there: playing instruments and making offerings.

The rest is straightforward.

Commentary on Citakapūjaka Thera is finished.

  1. Citakapūjakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā Vasāmi rājāyatanetiādikaṃ āyasmato citakapūjakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tato paraṃ uppannuppannabhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto sikhissa bhagavato kāle rājāyatanarukkhadevatā hutvā nibbatto antarantarā devatāhi saddhiṃ dhammaṃ sutvā pasanno bhagavati parinibbute saparivāro gandhadīpadhūpapupphabheriādīni gāhāpetvā bhagavato āḷahanaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā dīpādīni pūjetvā anekehi tūriyehi anekehi vāditehi taṃ pūjesi. Tato paṭṭhāya sakabhavanaṃ upaviṭṭhopi bhagavantameva saritvā sammukhā viya vandati. So teneva puññena tena cittappasādena rājāyatanato kālaṃ kato tusitādīsu nibbatto dibbasampattiṃ anubhavitvā tato manussesu manussasampattiṃ anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kulagehe nibbatto viññutaṃ patto bhagavati uppannacittappasādo bhagavato sāsane pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi. 49. So aparabhāge attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento vasāmi rājāyatanetiādimāha. Rājāyataneti devarājūnaṃ āyatanaṃ rājāyatanaṃ, tassa rukkhassa nāmadheyyo vā. Parinibbute bhagavatīti parisamantato kiñci anavasesetvā khandhaparinibbānakāle parinibbānasamaye parinibbānappattassa sikhino lokabandhunoti sambandho. 50.Citakaṃ agamāsahanti candanāgarudevadārukappūratakkolādisugandhadārūhi citaṃ rāsigatanti citaṃ, citameva citakaṃ, buddhagāravena citakaṃ pūjanatthāya citakassa samīpaṃ ahaṃ agamāsinti attho. Tattha gantvā katakiccaṃ dassento tūriyaṃ tattha vādetvātiādimāha. Taṃ sabbaṃ suviññeyyamevāti. Citakapūjakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
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9. Commentary on the Apadāna of the Elder Paccupaṭṭhānasaññaka

Beginning with “Atthadassimhi sugate…” — this is the Apadāna of the Venerable Elder Paccupaṭṭhānasaññaka.

This elder too accumulated merit supportive of liberation. During the time of the Blessed One Atthadassī, he was reborn in the yakkha realm. While the Blessed One was alive, he did not obtain an opportunity to see him. After the Blessed One passed into Parinibbāna, he was overcome with great sorrow.

At that time, the Blessed One’s chief disciple named Sāgata instructed him, saying:

“Worship of the bodily relics of the Blessed One, even after his passing, yields great fruit through faith just as worship done while he was alive.”

Urged to build a stūpa, he had a stūpa constructed and worshipped it.

After passing away from that existence, he enjoyed prosperity among devas and humans, including the prosperity of Sakka and Wheel-Turning Monarchs. In this Buddha-dispensation he was born in Sāvatthī in a certain family, gained understanding, developed faith in the Teacher, went forth, and soon became an arahant.

Later, recalling his merit with joy, he declared it.

Explanation of Terms

“Yakkhayoniṃ upapajjiṃ” — I was reborn in the yakkha realm.

“Dulladdhaṃ vata me āsī” — Alas, how unfortunate my attainment was! Having failed to honor the Buddha while he was alive, I gained renown wrongly.

“Duppabhātaṃ” — it was an ill dawn for me; the night did not break well.

“Duruṭṭhitaṃ” — the sunrise was bad for me.

The rest is straightforward.

Commentary on Paccupaṭṭhānasaññaka Thera is finished.

  1. Paccupaṭṭhānasaññakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā Atthadassimhi sugatetiādikaṃ āyasmato paccupaṭṭhānasaññakattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto atthadassissa bhagavato kāle yakkhayoniyaṃ nibbatto bhagavati dharamāne dassanassa aladdhattā pacchā parinibbute mahāsokappatto vihāsi. Tadā hissa bhagavato sāgato nāma aggasāvako anusāsanto bhagavato sārīrikadhātupūjā bhagavati dharamāne katapūjā viya cittappasādavasā mahapphalaṃ bhavatī’’ti vatvā ‘‘thūpaṃ karohī’’ti niyojito thūpaṃ kāresi, taṃ pūjetvā tato cuto devamanussesu sakkacakkavattisampattimanubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto viññutaṃ patto satthari pasīditvā pabbajitvā nacirasseva arahā ahosi. 72. So aparabhāge attano puññakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento atthadassimhi sugatetiādimāha. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttameva. Yakkhayoniṃ upapajjinti ettha pana attano sakāsaṃ sampattasampatte khādantā yanti gacchantīti yakkhā, yakkhānaṃ yoni jātīti yakkhayoni, yakkhayoniyaṃ nibbattoti attho. 73.Dulladdhaṃvata me āsīti me mayā laddhayasaṃ dulladdhaṃ, buddhabhūtassa satthuno sakkāraṃ akatattā virādhetvā laddhanti attho. Duppabhātanti duṭṭhu pabhātaṃ rattiyā pabhātakaraṇaṃ, mayhaṃ na suṭṭhuṃ pabhātanti attho. Duruṭṭhitanti duuṭṭhitaṃ, sūriyassa uggamanaṃ mayhaṃ duuggamananti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti. Paccupaṭṭhānasaññakattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.

Commentary on the Apadāna of the Elder Atichattiya

Beginning with “Parinibbute bhagavati…” — this is the Apadāna of the Venerable Elder Atichattiya.

This elder too had performed meritorious deeds under former Buddhas. Accumulating merit supportive of liberation across various births, during the time of the Blessed One Atthadassī he was born in a certain family.

Because he did not see the Blessed One while he was alive, when the Blessed One had passed into Parinibbāna he thought:

“Alas, what a loss for me!”

Resolving, “I will make my birth fruitful,” he had a great umbrella constructed — an umbrella above another umbrella — and worshipped the relic chamber (dhātugabbha) where the bodily relics of the Blessed One were enshrined.

Later he had a flower-umbrella made and again worshipped that same relic chamber.

Through that merit he wandered among devas and humans, enjoying both kinds of prosperity. In this Buddha-dispensation he was born in a householder’s family. Having matured in understanding and developed faith in the Teacher, he went forth, took up meditation practice, and before long attained arahantship.

Later, recalling his former deed with joy, he declared his past conduct beginning with:

“Parinibbute bhagavati…”

Explanation of Terms

  • Chatta — umbrella; that which covers and protects from heat.
  • Atichatta — an umbrella placed above another umbrella; one umbrella upon another.
  • Chattātichatta — umbrella above umbrella (multiple-tiered).

“Thūpamhi abhiropayiṃ” — I raised and placed the umbrella upon the stūpa (the relic mound).

  • Thūpa — that which is heaped up; or that which grows firm and great in solidity.

“Pupphacchadanaṃ katvāna” — having made a covering of flowers, like a canopy over the umbrella, and worshipped.

The rest is straightforward.

Commentary on Atichattiya Thera is finished.

  1. Atichattiyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā Parinibbutebhagavatītiādikaṃ āyasmato atichattiyattherassa apadānaṃ. Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayāni puññāni upacinanto atthadassissa bhagavato kāle ekasmiṃ kulagehe nibbatto dharamānassa bhagavato adiṭṭhattā parinibbutakāle ‘‘aho mama parihānī’’ti cintetvā ‘‘mama jātiṃ saphalaṃ karissāmī’’ti katasanniṭṭhāno chattādhichattaṃ kāretvā tassa bhagavato sarīradhātuṃ nihitadhātugabbhaṃ pūjesi. Aparabhāge pupphacchattaṃ kāretvā tameva dhātugabbhaṃ pūjesi. So teneva puññena devamanussesu saṃsaranto ubhayasampattiyo anubhavitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde gahapatikule nibbatto viññutaṃ patto satthari pasanno pabbajitvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā vāyamanto nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. 1. So attano pubbakammaṃ saritvā somanassajāto pubbacaritāpadānaṃ pakāsento parinibbute bhagavatītiādimāha. Tattha chattātichattanti chādiyati saṃvariyati ātapādinti chattaṃ, chattassa atichattaṃ chattassa upari katachattaṃ chattātichattaṃ, chattassa uparūpari chattanti attho. Thūpamhi abhiropayinti thūpiyati rāsikarīyatīti thūpo, atha vā thūpati thirabhāvena vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjamāno patiṭṭhātīti thūpo, tasmiṃ thūpamhi mayā kāritaṃ chattaṃ uparūpari ṭhapanavasena abhi visesena āropayiṃ pūjesinti attho. 2.Pupphacchadanaṃ katvānāti vikasitehi sugandhehi anekehi phupphehi chadanaṃ chattupari vitānaṃ katvā pūjesinti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānatthamevāti. Atichattiyattheraapadānavaṇṇanā samattā.
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Could you point out where the pali is for this sentence of the translation please? Also it might be good to give a link to where this was taken from so we can check points like this.

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Hello,

It’s this line.

tesu pūjārahesu mālādipadumavatthābharaṇacatupaccayādīhi pūjayato pūjayantassa puggalassa puññakoṭṭhāsaṃ sahassasatasahassādivasena saṅkhyaṃ kātuṃ kenaci mahānubhāvenāpi na sakkāti attho.
For a person who worships those worthy of worship with garlands, lotuses, robes, ornaments, the four requisites (almsfood, robes, lodging, medicine), and so on, the amount of merit produced cannot be calculated in terms of thousands or hundreds of thousands — it is not possible for anyone, even one of great spiritual power, to enumerate it. This is the meaning.
Na kevalameva dharamāne buddhādayo pūjayato, parinibbutassāpi bhagavato cetiyapaṭimābodhiādīsupi eseva nayo.
Not only when worshipping Buddhas and others while they are still living; even after the Blessed One has attained Parinibbāna, in the case of relic shrines, images, Bodhi trees, and similar objects, the same principle applies.

It’s from the commentary to the Sudhāpiṇḍiya Theraapadana. The commentary can be found here.

Tesu pūjārahesu
To those who are worthy of worship,

mālādi-paduma-vattha-ābharaṇa-catupaccayādīhi
with garlands and such things, with lotuses, with robes, with ornaments, with the four requisites (almsfood, robes, lodging, medicine), and so on,

pūjayato
for one who worships (or honors),

puññakoṭṭhāsaṁ
the portion (or amount) of merit,

sahassa-sata-sahassādi-vasena
in terms of thousands, hundreds of thousands, and so on,

saṅkhyaṁ kātuṁ
to calculate or enumerate,

kenaci mahānubhāvenāpi
even by someone of great power,

na sakkā
is not possible.

Na kevalameva dharamāne buddhādayo pūjayato
Not only when worshipping Buddhas and others while they are still living,

parinibbutassāpi bhagavato
but even of the Blessed One who has attained Parinibbāna,

cetiyapaṭimābodhiādīsupi
in relic shrines (cetiya), images (paṭimā), Bodhi trees, and similar objects,

eseva nayo

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